Computer Networking
A computer network is a group of computers that use a set of common
communication protocols over digital interconnections for the purpose of
sharing resources located on or provided by the network nodes. ... They are identified
by hostnames and network addresses.
A computer
network is a set of computers connected together for
the purpose of sharing resources. The most common resource shared today is a connection to the Internet. Other shared resources can include a
printer or a file server
Advantages of Computer Networking
- It enhances communication and
availability of information. ...
- It allows for more convenient
resource sharing. ...
- It makes file sharing easier.
...
- It is highly flexible. ...
- It is an inexpensive system.
...
- It increases cost
efficiency. ...
- It boosts storage capacity.
Disadvantages of Computer
Networks
·
Cost of network. The
cost of implementing the network including cabling and
hardware can be pricey.
·
Security Concerns. One of the
chief downsides of computer networks involves security issues.
...
·
Virus and Malware. ...
·
Lack of Robustness. ...
·
Needs an Efficient Handler. ...
·
Lack of Independence.
Based on geographical location,
computer networks are classified into
1. LAN (Local Area Network)
A local area network
(LAN) is a collection of devices connected together in one physical
location, such as a building, office, or home. ... In contrast, a wide area
network (WAN) or metropolitan area network (MAN) covers larger geographic
areas. Some WANs and MANs connect many LANs together.
A local-area network
(LAN) connects the computer hardware in a localized area such as an
office or home. Typically, LANs use wired connections to link
the computers to each other and to a variety of peripheral devices such as
printers.
2.
MAN (Metropolitan area
networks)
A MAN (metropolitan
area network) is a larger network that usually spans
several buildings in the same city or town.
A metropolitan area network features
a WAN that's built around a city or a section of a city. It connects all of
the networks in the city into a single larger network.
This network connects employees across the various agencies
with shared resources.
3.
WAN (Wide Area Network)
A wide area network (also
known as WAN), is a large network of information that
is not tied to a single location. WANs can facilitate
communication, the sharing of information and much more between devices from
around the world through a WAN provider.
The size of the WAN is larger
than LAN and MAN. A WAN can cover country, continent or even a
whole world. Internet connection is an example of WAN. Other examples of WAN
are mobile broadband connections such as 3G, 4G etc.
Similarly, the WAN or
the "Wide Area Network" is one of the most popular methods of
digital networking system. The best and most common example
of WAN is the internet we are using nowadays.
4. PAN (Pearson Area Network)
A personal area network,
or PAN, is a computer network that enables communication
between computer devices near a person. PANs can be wired,
such as USB or FireWire, or they can be wireless, such as infrared, ZigBee, Bluetooth and
ultra wideband, or UWB.
Personal area networks (PANs) are short-range
wireless networks that work over a range of
tens of metres.
PANs main role is to eliminate cables that connect
devices to peripherals. Typical PAN technologies include:
Cordless products, such as mouse devices and keyboards, that use radio or
infrared.
5.
CAN (Campus Area Network)
Campus
Area Network Stands
for "Campus Area Network." A CAN is
a network that covers an educational or corporate campus. ...
They operate similar to LANs; in that users with access to the network (wired
or wireless) can communicate directly with other systems
within the network.
Internet,
Intranet and Extranet are the networks of computer.
Internet:
The Internet is a vast network that connects computers all over the
world. Through the Internet, people can share information and communicate
from anywhere with an Internet connection.
Intranet: An intranet is a private network, operated by a large
company or other organization, which uses internet technologies, but
is insulated from the global internet.
Intranet
is the computer network for groups
containing small members and can be accessed by these members only. These
networks are used in business fields as one member has to share files and other
docs to other members within a group. Or it is also used for networking within
building or home.
Some companies to handle account for
particular customers.
Intranet: An intranet is a private network that is
contained within an enterprise.
Typical intranet for a business organization consists of many
interlinked local area networks (LAN) and use any Wide Area Network (WAN) technology for network
connectivity. The main purpose of an intranet is to share company information
and computing resources among employees.
An intranet is a
private Internetwork, which is usually created and maintained by a private
organization. The content available inside Intranet are intended only for the
members of that organization (usually employees of a company).
Extranet: An extranet is an intranet that is
accessible to some people from outside the company, or possibly shared by more
than one organization.
An extranet is a computer network used by people of a particular network with a login I'd and password.
These are sometimes used by two or more
departments to communicate with each other.
Extranet: An extranet can be viewed as part
of a company's intranet that is extended to users outside the company like
suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other business associates.
An extranet is required for normal day-to-day business activities. For example, placing a purchase order to registered vendors, billing & invoices, payments-related activities;
joint venture-related activities, product brochures for partners, discounted
price lists for partners, etc.
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